Development of a single item patient reported measure of treatment side effect burden in clinical trials of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases using stakeholder input and large language model refinement

Berthelsen DB, Horgan B, Simon L, Ioannidis JPA, Goel N, Tugwell P, Balay-Dustrude E, Bartlett SJ, Bingham CO, Boers M, Bouillot C, Böhm P, Choy E, Cowern M, Dagsvik K, Djurtoft C, Furst DE, Haugegaard T, Hazlewood GS, Hoens AM, Jørgensen TS, Kelly SE, Kruzikas D, Musaus J, Richards P, Shea BJ, Strand V, Thomas M, Torralba K, Voshaar M, Weinbrecht-Mischkewitz M, Woodworth TG, Wright G, Flurey C, Christensen R; OMERACT Safety Working Group. Development of a single‑item patient‑reported measure of treatment side‑effect burden in clinical trials of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases using stakeholder input and large language model refinement. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2026 Jun 19;79:153026. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2026.153026. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 42364594.


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